'jxl+d#|8|0W.V.D.宾厄姆心理学空间&F }$JmWl`w3\BhR

LuDZs)B0沃尔特・宾厄姆 [Walter Van Dyke Bingham 1880.10.20－1952.07.08]，美国应用心理学先驱，逝于华盛顿。{wZ],Tyqp0心理学空间Rgt\l#`}s他开始学习的是实验心理学，在芝加哥大学师从 J.R.安吉尔，获得哲学博士学位。嗣后曾执教于哥伦比亚大学师范学院、达特第斯大学和卡内基技术学院。1942 年，担任人事研究联合会的负责人。他多年从事着独立的研究，曾应邀出任工业心理学顾问。心理学空间#U%y/Y3ym ^%hQ

.Y(OW^$i"E&r-R/dc"\0第一次世界大战期间，宾厄姆担任美军人员分类委员会的执行秘书。战争后期在陆军总参谋部的人事部门担任中校。他是设计军队智力测验的小组成员之一，与 W.D.斯科特一起从事军队人员分类工作。1921 年，他与人共创心理公司，并终身担任该公司负责人。心理学空间~7Q([a$YxhX

ZF)m$R4MQ0第二次世界大战期间，他担任军队人事分类的咨询委员会的主席，该委员会的形成是为了因应军队分类与训练的需求。那时候军队优先采取心理学家的方法，这和第一次世界大战是不同的。该委员会最早的作业之一是发展一个测验，依新募兵的学习士兵职责的能力将他们分成五类，最后发展出来测验就是《陆军普通分类测验》（Army General Classification Test, AGCT），这是团体测验史的一个里程碑，有 1200 万的士兵依这个测验被分派不同的军事工作。心理学空间*d8G2e],J心理学空间|T k.K3mS_OzH宾厄姆曾负责编辑过不少杂志，也有许多著述。他的《能力和能力测验》（1937）一书是该领域的一部经典性著作。心理学空间$i^xxK*|i心理学空间#s$@4D0F]f+T*q@主要著作：心理学空间k~ s&l{ e RLA心理学空间2W+[ J'j0F'kLU"vR!Vd[能力和能力测验：1937

Walter Van Dyke Bingham Collection4c%`? ` H~s-p07r0q"lG/{HG'm'Un0 Walter Van Dyke Bingham Collection, 1880-1952 [1852-1965].r&_Lk"h#`xU&^0 Staff and Faculty Papers, Carnegie Mellon University ArchivesN|C/J6UGEZ0KcU:p!|*y0 M-o.A m9N-~%n)w2[)L0 Extent心理学空间9L4R^|D*[D 61 linear feet of papers, 1852-1965.E.@)Dy#nd0I.j0 心理学空间[5iH4qM_RJx\ Biographical Sketch of Walter Van Dyke Bingham心理学空间d4f0me,?#K1h5jUJ Walter Van Dyke Bingham (1880-1952) pioneered in psychological research at Carnegie Institute of Technology during the early decades of the twentieth century. Born in Swan Lake City, Iowa, Bingham graduated from Beloit College in 1901. He received a Masters degree in 1907 from Harvard and doctorates from both Harvard, and the University of Chicago the next year. Bingham began working at the Carnegie Institute of Technology in 1915 as founder and director of the Division of Applied Psychology. The Division was responsible for entrance testing and vocational guidance, as well as providing courses in psychology and education. Bingham recognized that the business community had similar needs that the Division could address, from standard methods of personnel selection to research and training in several vocationally oriented fields.心理学空间px*[9L-O1D(s)?`t

During World War I, the U.S. Army requested the assistance of Bingham and other psychologists involved in vocational education and research on intelligence testing. These psychologists worked for the War Department as the Committee for Classification of Personnel in the Army, of which Bingham was executive secretary. The Committee developed and revised a series of tests to determine rank and assignment for enlisted men and recruits. These intelligence and personality tests are forerunners of the familiar Scholastic Aptitude Tests. Having served the army as a psychologist in the first World War, Dr. Bingham was recalled by the War Department when World War II broke out to serve on the Army's National Research Council on Classification of Military Personnel. At the same time he served the Adjutant General's office as chief psychologist.心理学空间#EwrUhlt oD

:O(e \\,ED e9j%O i0The testing methods developed during World War I were also adapted for use in business by the Division of Applied Psychology. The schools and bureaus worked with business leaders to determine the ideal traits for workers and managers, leading to standardization of retail training and testing methods used by personnel departments. This research reflected the growing support for the field of industrial psychology. Bingham's interest in industrial psychology continued after his departure from Carnegie Institute in 1924 and in his directorship of the Personnel Research Federation in New York City.

g6hnv*EGQ0From 1946 to 1948, Bingham was chairman of the Council of Advisers to the Director of Personnel and Administration of the Army's General Staff. Since 1949, he had served the Secretary of Defense as a consultant on personnel policies. Dr. Bingham was past president of the American Association of Applied Psychology and past secretary of the American Psychological Association.|r&xQ8x"qoA\0 8a j6y/egFm!F%tL0 Scope and Contentz/\e'nLVe0 The Bingham Papers consist of correspondence, memoranda, administrative documents, reports, manuscripts, test forms, photographs, books and scholarly journals and small artifacts dating from 1852 to 1965. Family papers and posthumous documents included in the collection. Series designation is unclear and pending-folders are not marked with Series names, and the chronological arrangement of the papers makes categorization difficult.心理学空间#}-I p8Ddw

Bingham's roles in various academic fields and his contributions to numerous individuals and organizations are evident in the range of notable correspondents. These include James Angell and Robert Yerkes of the American Psychological Association, Samuel Gompers of the American Federation of Labor, Alexander Graham Bell, E.L. Thorndike, Charles S. Myers, Eleanor Roosevelt, and Herbert Hoover. Respected by psychologists and academics, Bingham encouraged research and discussion regarding the relation between intelligence, vocation, and personality.

&R8Q)D(a)[nf"iQ$EO0The majority of this collection has been microfilmed and is available for research.心理学空间?e#G[?}y5o D TMB^m&}0 Provenance 心理学空间#f8WQI8vq The collection was obtained from Mrs. Millicent Todd Bingham, wife of Dr. Bingham, in one accession in 1992.心理学空间'@[~WXh u3D!Pt\ik6NS0 Restrictions 心理学空间 x*DcK$g Some classified documents have been removed and will be replaced within the collection one their restrictions expire.心理学空间)f4cwL+ZF9lu WJ 心理学空间8xE(e@Ry!Y Separations 心理学空间&Yp0|c.k,q;_ Please see "Restrictions."心理学空间I"R(j0] ET w

)o{[#Pe%|0Container List: Walter Van Dyke Bingham Collection

Series I: Notes, Music Experiments, and Correspondence心理学空间}ya9q}[#i#FuV3N n

Bingham, Walter Van Dyke

Notebooks and course-related material--1900-1916"er(J-Ku_z|0 Correspondence--1905-1916心理学空间}(y7_#z4xS\+f-Df2Z

Angell, James R., University of Chicago心理学空间8jx(FK3Q7h D Apatow, John J., The Economic Psychology Association心理学空间:[+c;m/]L!tR3jk Baird, J. W., Clark Universityc#Aj2j j0 Barrett, D. M., World's Salesmanship Congress;yREO\w"[0 Bell, J. Carleton, University of Texas:~;GeB+r\}0 Benson, Agnes, Music Supervisors' National Conference(f cR1oy0 Cattell, J. McKeen心理学空间3?1l/ULk{ m Cody, Sherwin, National Associated Schools of Scientific Business{y`J-^G(u0 Cole, P. R., Training College, Sydney, Australia心理学空间7Et0Z!u*C Davidson, William, Superintendent, Pittsburgh Public Schoolsy(l5C#w/?:]3z(\c0 Dunlap, Knight, Johns Hopkins UniversityY*p!q V,f(wKy:h0 Franz, S. I., Government Hospital for the Insane心理学空间#P/m1RA w Gilbreth, Frank G.]%HvunU0 Gilman, Ives, Boston Museum of Fine ArtsLQ_| D^$C0 Haggerty, M. E., University of MinnesotaXha(q`5ws-O*F0 Hamerschlag, Arthur A., Director, Carnegie Institute of Technology}6e~"}J0 Hindle, Charles F.心理学空间2|cc7E#cr\/r|'O Hornbostel, Erich v.心理学空间5J Ivo dP"d Keyes, Homer Eaton, Dartmouth College心理学空间(T)l$G%|-K,sq Langfeld, H. S., Harvard University心理学空间D-A DAh7I)l5W Lawrence, H. W., Jr., Dartmouth College心理学空间)~gJ[Kp@ McConaughy, James, Dartmouth CollegeCf c/}E4Xp0 Meade, Charles K._"YP \RY&v3rO0 Myers, C. S.心理学空间Un.@'|_1mM Ruml, Beardsley, University of Chicago心理学空间 }4iJ'RU[\Hc Seashore, Carl, State University of Iowa心理学空间3i2w"Yi2L~js Stetson, R. H.心理学空间cC I,mv4^!vos Stoelting, Charles H.心理学空间)r3Y5t-~(_Vul Sutherland, A. H., Yale UniversityXiM&Bhv0 Thurstone, Louis L., Carnegie Institute of Technologyq#kv)V1@5d Bt[*?0 Titchener, E. B.pc_Q/{l-TS0 Waugh, Karl, Beloit College心理学空间*t/u6Eb$z"{ T"M Wells, F. L., McLain Hospital&_M#F.kLP6X0 Whipple, Guy, University of Illinois9L%Q'x}K0 Wideman, W. W., C. H. Stoelting Company心理学空间+v*k*fb0@0} e2P'w/K@!A/d Woods, Edward A., Edward A. Woods Company~C%`Rn0 Woodworth, R. S., Columbia University.r}QLM&n0 Yerkes, Robert M., Harvard University

b%r)|*_W&D-f+[n m0Series 2: War Years

Bingham, Walter Van Dyke

F6ac,X[X0Correspondence--1917-1919

*h_s1e y7G6[Qd0Achilles, Paul S.x6z6w&]2l0ik ?k4['gY`0 Ahern, George P., Major, War Plans Divisionx!r;DpLR0 Aikens, J. Austin5M(l-M3e$K%XT0 Angell, James R., Dean, University of ChicagowZ6P$?_u H0 Baird, J. W., Clark University心理学空间7{_Y} Wf fT'c2@ Baker, Newton D., Secretary of War5qK3] nL7Xx.\cW0 Baker, Thomas S., Carnegie Institute of Technology/A2~(s#nkeL&zN0 Bartlett, F.G., Psychology Lab, Cambridge, England心理学空间US7T,qOm Bell, J. Carelton,Journal of Educational Psychology, Brooklyn Training School for Teachers, University of Texas心理学空间/lH6rI?D7Pi Black, W.M., Chief Engineer to the Adjutant General心理学空间o/`+h9q.VtYy_/@ Boyd, Carl N., Colonel, Aide to General Pershing心理学空间C5`Zx5?O Briggs, Howard L., Irwin Avenue Industrial SchoolQ/O"F,{ rZ(F0 Buhler, Ernest O., Trade Test Division心理学空间WV3KMVC/cgf Bureau of Industrial Researchp+s"[%V:A+@@2Se0 Byers, Joseph P., Committee on Provision for the Feeble-Minded心理学空间|LFLQP Cattell, J. McKeen, Editorial Department, ScienceVNt }-c1Zb)k!c0 Chapman, J. Crosby, Committee on Classification of Personnel in the Army心理学空间$K{A L:P @#m"\&Gh Charters, W. W., University of Missouri心理学空间!h6x5rC3T.Tsb Clark,Grenville, Committee on Education & Special Training心理学空间A0O ^{iZrofKB Clothier, Robert C., A.M. Collins & Company_2eW6z!^9x0 Committee on Worthy Use of Leisure Time&tL/bl5u CoNH7A0 Council of the American Psychological AssociationC&R'V%`^ Q5lr&M0 Dearborn, Walter F., Harvard University(UZ-p,W/u S0D;Vod0 Dodge, Raymond, Wesleyan University心理学空间-NYN3S2^#r:Jq Dunlap, Knight, Johns Hopkins University心理学空间4e1{%K/Sb3J u Q Edison, Charles心理学空间({+u)P#g.WE Edward A. Woods Company心理学空间9w\}@ P)F Farnsworth, Charles H., Columbia University心理学空间#@f4}$X| Federal Board for Vocational Education心理学空间7Y@+pC%CJ,AG Franz, Sheperd I., Government Hospital for the Insaney-S+KKBF#X+aK0 Frazier, Lewis R., Bureau of Salesmanship Research, Carnegie Institute of TechnologyI#O L1u \"M/aF)n0 Furst, Clyde, Carnegie Foundation心理学空间zx Z*D!w)@4D Gehrkens, K.W., Oberlin CollegeuHiQ$J"c c0 Gilbreth, Walter, National Research Councilo,q#MWW0 Gilman, R. Ives, Boston Museum of Fine Arts3t@"Y? Up7}{2a0 H. H. Harrison and Company心理学空间 m x9[ OdW6M Hamerschlag, Arthur A., President, Carnegie Institute of Technology |T.r+tay3{)h0 Holt, Hamilton, Editor, The Independent心理学空间3OY~7HP};[h Hoopingarner, Dwight, University of Texas, National Bank of Commerce in N.Y.&EikL.^)oc3}0 Hopkins, L.B., Committee on Classification of Personnel in the Army 心理学空间 MD0vA[ i#z-A*p1x Hunter, W.S., University of Kansas心理学空间0~D%z$|8v(x;Yb*l Jones, Mark M., Personnel Office, Camp Jones, Camp Upton, Thomas Edison Co.w;]c@3X |'kX#R1b0 Kitson, Harry D., University of Chicago3T bYBSr h0 Ladd, George Trumbull心理学空间,Sj6Su8bt-D!~o Langfeld, Herbert S., Secretary, American Psychological Association 心理学空间 AM]){;a:\ Litchfield, I.W., Department of Labor心理学空间}6VdJh#`X;Z9c Lovelace, Griffin M., Bureau of Salesmanship Research9is5R.R+O bGMM8o6k0 Mann, David W., Students Astronomical Laboratory, Harvard University 心理学空间